Как проиграть ноту?
Как проиграть ноту?
This is a simple class that plays a formatted musical string. It is reminiscent of the old GWBASIC days whereby one could play a string of notes via the PC speaker. I know that WAV and MIDI files are available in todays technology, but sometimes one does not need all that overhead. The class is useful for certain types of alarms (specially if the user has his sound card volume muted) or simple "Cell Phone" like jingles. The trick of the matter in Delphi is that the standard DELPHI implementation of BEEP takes no arguments and has only one sound. However the WIN API BEEP() takes two arguments.
ie.
BOOL Beep(
DWORD dwFreq, // sound frequency, in hertz
DWORD dwDuration // sound duration, in milliseconds
);
Parameters
dwFreq
Windows NT:
Specifies the frequency, in hertz, of the sound. This parameter must be in the range 37 through 32,767 (0x25 through 0x7FFF).
Windows 95:
The parameter is ignored.
dwDuration
Windows NT:
Specifies the duration, in milliseconds, of the sound.
Windows 95:
The parameter is ignored.
As can be seen it appears that BEEP() is NOT supported on WIN95, but is OK from there upwards. (I have not tested it on WIN95, but assume you will just get a monotone ???? - anyone for comment)
It is easily called by prefixing the unit
ie. Windows.Beep(Freq,Duration)
The format of the "Music String" is a comma delimited (",<" terminated) string in the following formats. (The string is CASE-INSENSITIVE and [] means optional with defaults).
A..G[+ or -][0..5][/BEATS] and
@[/BEATS]
Where A..G is the Note to be played.
+ or - is optional Sharp or Flat designator respectively. (default is normal NULL)
0..5 is optional Octave range (default = 1)
/BEATS is number of 100ms to hold the note (default = 1)
where @ is a musical pause
/BEATS is the number of beats to pause for (default = 1)
where ,< is the END OF STRING terminator.
Properties:
DefaultOctave : Used if no 0..5 designator specified in format. (System Default = 1)
BetweenNotesPause : Use to set number MS gap between notes (faster or slower default = 100ms)
Simple Example:
procedure TForm1.Button3Click(Sender: TObject);
var
Organ: TMusicPlayer;
begin
Organ := TMusicPlayer.Create;
Organ.Play('A,C,C+,D/3,C,A,C,A,@,F,D/4,<');
Organ.Play('A,A3/2,G4,G/3,@/2,D-0/4,<');
Organ.Free;
end;
Any enhancements or additional ideas welcome. Happy jingeling.
unit Music;
interface
uses Windows, SysUtils;
// ===========================================================================
// Mike Heydon May 2002
// Simple Music Player Class Win98/2000 (Win95 not supported)
// Implements Notes A,A#/Bb,C,C#/Db,D,D#,Eb,E,F,F#/Gb,G,G#/Ab
// Caters for Octaves 0..5
// In Between Note Pause setable.
// Defailt Octave setable.
//
// Based on Frequency Matrix
//
// Octave0 Octave1 Octave2 Octave3 Octave4 Octave5
// A 55.000 110.000 220.000 440.000 880.000 1760.000
// A#/Bb 58.270 116.541 233.082 466.164 932.328 1864.655
// B 61.735 123.471 246.942 493.883 987.767 1975.533
// C 65.406 130.813 261.626 523.251 1046.502 2093.005
// C#/Db 69.296 138.591 277.183 554.365 1108.731 2217.461
// D 73.416 146.832 293.665 587.330 1174.659 2349.318
// D#/Eb 77.782 155.563 311.127 622.254 1244.508 2489.016
// E 82.407 164.814 329.628 659.255 1318.510 2637.020
// F 87.307 174.614 349.228 698.456 1396.913 2793.826
// F#/Gb 92.499 184.997 369.994 739.989 1479.978 2959.955
// G 97.999 195.998 391.995 783.991 1567.982 3135.963
// G#/Ab 103.826 207.652 415.305 830.609 1661.219 3322.438
//
// @ = Pause
// < = End of Music String Marker
//
// ===========================================================================
type
TOctaveNumber = 0..5;
TNoteNumber = -1..11;
TMusicPlayer = class(TObject)
private
Octave,
FDefaultOctave: TOctaveNumber;
NoteIdx: TNoteNumber;
FBetweenNotesPause,
Duration: integer;
protected
function ParseNextNote(var MS: string): boolean;
public
constructor Create;
procedure Play(const MusicString: string);
property DefaultOctave: TOctaveNumber read FDefaultOctave
write FDefaultOctave;
property BetweenNotesPause: integer read FBetweenNotesPause
write FBetweenNotesPause;
end;
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
implementation
const
MAXSTRING = 2048; // ASCIIZ String max length
MHERTZ: array[0..11, 0..5] of integer = // Array of Note MHertz
((55, 110, 220, 440, 880, 1760), // A
(58, 117, 233, 466, 932, 1865), // A+ B-
(62, 123, 247, 494, 988, 1976), // B
(65, 131, 262, 523, 1047, 2093), // C
(69, 139, 277, 554, 1109, 2217), // C+ D-
(73, 147, 294, 587, 1175, 2349), // D
(78, 156, 311, 622, 1245, 2489), // D+ E-
(82, 165, 330, 659, 1319, 2637), // E
(87, 1745, 349, 698, 1397, 2794), // F
(92, 185, 370, 740, 1480, 2960), // F+ G-
(98, 196, 392, 784, 1568, 3136), // G
(105, 208, 415, 831, 1661, 3322) // G+ A-
);
// =======================================
// Create the object and set defaults
// =======================================
constructor TMusicPlayer.Create;
begin
FDefaultOctave := 1;
FBetweenNotesPause := 100;
end;
// ===========================================================
// Parse the next note and set Octave,NoteIdx and Duration
// ===========================================================
function TMusicPlayer.ParseNextNote(var MS: string): boolean;
var
NS: string; // Note String
Beats,
CommaPos: integer;
Retvar: boolean;
begin
Retvar := false; // Assume Error Condition
Beats := 1;
Duration := 0;
NoteIdx := 0;
Octave := FDefaultOctave;
CommaPos := pos(',', MS);
if (CommaPos > 0) then
begin
NS := trim(copy(MS, 1, CommaPos - 1)); // Next Note info
MS := copy(MS, CommaPos + 1, MAXSTRING); // Remove note from music string
if (length(NS) >= 1) and (NS[1] in ['@'..'G']) then
begin
Retvar := true; // Valid Note - set return type true
// Resolve NoteIdx
NoteIdx := byte(NS[1]) - 65; // Map 'A'..'G' into 0..11 or -1
NS := copy(NS, 2, MAXSTRING); // Remove the Main Note ID
// Handle the @ Pause first
if NoteIdx = -1 then
begin
if (length(NS) >= 1) and (NS[1] = '/') then
Beats := StrToIntDef(copy(NS, 2, MAXSTRING), 1);
Sleep(100 * Beats);
Retvar := false; // Nothing to play
NS := ''; // Stop further processing
end;
// Resolve Sharp or Flast
if (length(NS) >= 1) and (NS[1] in ['+', '-']) then
begin
if NS[1] = '+' then // # Sharp
inc(NoteIdx)
else if NS[1] = '-' then // b Flat
dec(NoteIdx);
if NoteIdx = -1 then
NoteIdx := 11; // Roll A Flat to G Sharp
NS := copy(NS, 2, MAXSTRING); // Remove Flat/Sharp ID
end;
// Resolve Octave Number - Default := FDefaultOctave
if (length(NS) >= 1) and (NS[1] in ['0'..'5']) then
begin
Octave := byte(NS[1]) - 48; // map '0'..'5' to 0..5 decimal
NS := copy(NS, 2, MAXSTRING); // Remove Octave Number
end;
// Resolve Number of Beats - Default = 1
if (length(NS) >= 1) and (NS[1] = '/') then
Beats := StrToIntDef(copy(NS, 2, MAXSTRING), 1);
Duration := 100 * Beats;
end;
end
else
MS := ''; // Signal end of music string
Result := Retvar;
end;
// ===================================
// Play the passed music string
// ===================================
procedure TMusicPlayer.Play(const MusicString: string);
var
MS: string; // Music String
begin
MS := trim(UpperCase(MusicString));
while (MS <> '') do
begin
if ParseNextNote(MS) then
begin
Windows.Beep(MHERTZ[NoteIdx, Octave], Duration);
Sleep(FBetweenNotesPause);
end;
end;
end;
end.
